What did thinkers like Gustave Le Bon, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber and Sigmund Freud think had gone wrong?

Based on Chapters 27 and 28: Modern Consciousness: New Views of Nature, Human Nature and the Arts; and WW I: The West in Despair. Modernity was not so wonderful. Progress was not so progressive. Modernity promised everything, and delivered only despair and war and the feeling that progress was only a myth. Instead of reason, the irrational appeared everywhere. What did thinkers like Gustave Le Bon, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber and Sigmund Freud think had gone wrong? Was something inherently wrong with mankind? Was humanity being driven to despair by the new machines it had created? Was man adrift eternally in a meaningless void? Must cite directly from the Western Civilization text. Answers should be about 250-300 words in length.

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